University of Qom Journal of Philosophical Theological Research 1735-9791 27 1 2025 03 21 Kāshānī’s Impact on Mullā Ṣadrā’s Contribution to The Problem of Mental Existence: A Historical-Comparative Study Kāshānī’s Impact on Mullā Ṣadrā’s Contribution to The Problem of Mental Existence: A Historical-Comparative Study 137 166 3531 10.22091/jptr.2025.12801.3284 FA Hamid Reza Khademi Associate Professor, Department of Philosophy, The Institute for Research and Development in the Humanities, Tehran, Iran Reza Hesari PhD. in Islamic Philosophy, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran Journal Article 2025 04 22 Discussions on the works of lesser-known philosophers in history can illuminate various issues, helping to establish historical connections between various thinkers. One such philosopher is Abū al-Hasan Kāshānī (d. 1558), a 16th-century figure whose views have not yet been thoroughly studied. He authored numerous works in the field of philosophy and logic, many of which remain unpublished or unedited. His treatise on <em>mental existence</em> (<em>al-wujūd al-dhihnī</em>) contains detailed and profound contributions. Mullā Ṣadrā (c. 1571-1635/40 AD) authored several works on mental existence based on Kāshānī’s views. For example, it was Kāshānī who first used the distinction between primary predication (<em>al-ḥaml al-awwalī</em>) and common technical predication (<em>al-ḥaml al-</em><em>shāyiʿ al-ṣanāʿī</em>) in solving the puzzle of mental existence. Mullā Ṣadrā adopted Kāshānī’s terminology in his magnum opus <em>Al-Asfār al-Arbaʿah</em>. We demonstrate Kāshānī’s influence on Mullā Ṣadrā’s account of mental existence, utilizing a comparative and descriptive methodology. The material of this research includes Kāshānī’s manuscript on mental existence as well as Mullā Ṣadrā’s works on this issue. The authors edited and revised Kāshānī’s manuscript and during the editing realized this important influence by comparing it with Mullā Ṣadrā's works. Discussions on the works of lesser-known philosophers in history can illuminate various issues, helping to establish historical connections between various thinkers. One such philosopher is Abū al-Hasan Kāshānī (d. 1558), a 16th-century figure whose views have not yet been thoroughly studied. He authored numerous works in the field of philosophy and logic, many of which remain unpublished or unedited. His treatise on <em>mental existence</em> (<em>al-wujūd al-dhihnī</em>) contains detailed and profound contributions. Mullā Ṣadrā (c. 1571-1635/40 AD) authored several works on mental existence based on Kāshānī’s views. For example, it was Kāshānī who first used the distinction between primary predication (<em>al-ḥaml al-awwalī</em>) and common technical predication (<em>al-ḥaml al-</em><em>shāyiʿ al-ṣanāʿī</em>) in solving the puzzle of mental existence. Mullā Ṣadrā adopted Kāshānī’s terminology in his magnum opus <em>Al-Asfār al-Arbaʿah</em>. We demonstrate Kāshānī’s influence on Mullā Ṣadrā’s account of mental existence, utilizing a comparative and descriptive methodology. The material of this research includes Kāshānī’s manuscript on mental existence as well as Mullā Ṣadrā’s works on this issue. The authors edited and revised Kāshānī’s manuscript and during the editing realized this important influence by comparing it with Mullā Ṣadrā's works. https://pfk.qom.ac.ir/article_3531_bb471220217dfb57eab2e1d6bab7b7ad.pdf