The Feasibility of the Application of Presumption in Belief-Related Issues

Mortazi, Ahmad

doi:10.22091/pfk.2019.2571.1759

The Feasibility of the Application of Presumption in Belief-Related Issues

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Ahmad Mortazi

Assistant Professor in Department of Jurisprudence and Foundations of Islamic Law, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

10.22091/pfk.2019.2571.1759

Abstract

In belief-related matters, because the necessity, i. e. all the pillars of the Principle of Presumption are present and there are no obstacles, there is no uncertainty regarding the principle feasibility of applying presumption concerning them; rather the absoluteness of its arguments also include actions of the heart. Regardless, some have negated the feasibility of applying presumption in belief-related issues by relying on proofs such as objectivity, or the reliability of belief on certitude, the inapplicability of the arguments for presumption on actions of the heart and also the legal necessity of attaining conscientious certainty regarding beliefs. In contrast, there are others who – while dividing belief-related issues into two types of those that require conscientious certitude and those that simply need commitment of the heart – believe that in the beliefs of the second type both thematic and edictive presumption applies but in case of the first type of beliefs only edictive presumption applies. The present research shows that because belief is a conscientious issue, doubt is belief itself is relieved by referring to the conscience and the application of presumption in belief itself is completely meaningless. There is also no possibility for the occurrence of doubt in the remaining and application of presumption in the belief-related rules in the subjective aspect because none of these types of rules have a temporal goal. But the application of the Principle of Presumption is both rationally as well as imminently possible in regards to beliefs, i. e. belief-related topics and issues‌‌.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

- Amadi, A. H. (n. d.). Al-Ihkam fi Usul al-Ahkam. Beirut: al-Maktab al-Islami

- Amoli, M. H. (1386 SH). Tahrir al-Usul. Qom: Davari.

- Ansari, M. (1383 sh). Matarih al-Anzar. Qom: al-Fikr al-Islami.

- Ansari, M. (1416 AH). Fara’id al-Usul. Qom: Islamic Publications Office, affiliated with the Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom.

- Araqi, Z. D. (n.d.). Nihayat al-Afkar. Qom: Islamic Publications Office, affiliated with the Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom.

- Ashtiyani, M. H. (1429 AH). Bahr al-Fawa’id. Beirut: Mu’assasat al-Tarikh.

- Berenjkar, R. (1391 SH). Ravesh Shenasi-i ‘Ilm-i Kalam (the methodology of the science of theology). Qom: Dar al-Siddiqah.

- Boroujerdi, M. H. (1425 AH). Al-Nas al-Jalii. Mashhad: Razavi.

- Durazi Bahrani, H. (n.d.). Mas’alat fi Ma‘refat Allah. Beirut.

- Faiz Kashani, M. M. (1426 AH). Al-‘Ilm. Qom: Zawil Qorba.

- Fazel Lankarani, M. (1385 SH). Izah al-Kifayah. Qom: Noah.

- Fazel Lankarani, M. (1430 AH). Dirasat fi al-Usul. Qom: A’immat At-har.

- Hoseini Lavasani, H. (1425 AH). Nur al-Afham. Qom: al-Islami.

- Hoseini Shirazi, S. (1427 AH). Bayan al-Usul. Qom: Dar al-Ansar.

- Hoseini Tehrani, M. H. (1423 AH). Ma‘ad Shenasi (eschatology). Mashhad: Malakut.

- Hurr Ameli, M. (1409 AH). Wasa’il al-Shi‘a. Qom: Aal al-Bayt

- Hurr Ameli, M. (1418 AH). Al-Fusul al Muhimmah. Qom: Ma‘aref.

- Ibn Qayyim Jowzi, S. D. M. (1417 AH). Shufa‘a’ al-‘Alil. Beirut: Dar al-Jamil.

- Javadi Amoli, A. (1386 SH). Manzilat-i ‘Aql dar Hendese-i Ma‘rifat-i Dini (the position of the intellect in the construction of religious knowledge). Qom: Isra’

- Jazairi, M. J. (1415 AH). Muntaha al-Dirayah. Qom: Dar al-Ketab.

- Khorasani, M. K. (1409 AH). Kifayat al-Usul. Qom: Aal al-Bayt

- Kulayni, M. (1407 AH). Al-Kafi. Tehran: al-Islamiyyah.

- Makaren Shirazi, N. (1428 AH). Anwar al-Usul. Qom: Amirul Mu’minin.

- Muqaddas Ardabeli, A. (1419 AH). Al-Hashiyat ‘ala Ilahiyyat. Qom: Islamic Publications Office, affiliated with the Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom

- Musavi Qazvini, A. (1427 AH). Ta‘liqat ‘ala Ma‘alim al-Usul. Qom: Islamic Publications Office, affiliated with the Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom

- Muzaffar, M. H. (1422 AH). Dala’il al-Sidq. Qom: Aal al-Bayt.

- Muzaffar, M. R. (1375 SH). Usul al-Fiqh. Qom: Esmailian.

- Na’ini, M. H. (1352 SH). Ajwad al-Taqrirat. Qom: ‘Irfan.

- Na’ini, M. H. (1376 SH). Fawa’id al-Usul. Qom: Jami‘at Mudarresin.

- Qafi, H; Shariati, S. (1393 SH). Usul-i Fiqh-i Karbordi (practical principles of jurisprudence). Tehran: Samt.

- Qavini, A. M. (1406 AH). Munazerat ‘Aqa’idiyyah. Beirut: Dar al-Azwa’.

- Qazi Marashi, N. (1409 AH). Ihqaq al-Haqq. Qom: Mar‘ashi.

- Safi, L. (1428 AH). Bayan al-Usul. Qom: Office of Ayatollah Safi.

- Shubbar, A. (1418 AH). Haqq al-Yaqin. Beirut: al-‘alami.

- Sobhani, J. (1424 AH). Irshad al-‘Uqul. Qom: Imam Sadeq.

- Tabatabai Hakim, M. (1408 AH). Haqa’iq al-Usul. Qom: Basirati.

- Tabatabai Qommi, T. (1371 SH). Aara’una fi Usul al-Fiqh. Qom: Mahallati.