Cognitive Science and Philosophy of Religion: Embracing the Human Perspective

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Assistant Professor, Institute for Science and Technology Studies, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran

10.22091/jptr.2024.10483.3025

Abstract

The Cognitive Science of Religion (CSR) is a relatively young field that explores the intersection between science and religion. Some argue that CSR, by employing purely explanatory methods and presupposing methodological naturalism, has materialized religion. Others believe that explanatory methods are not the sole approach in CSR, and the use of other methods is permissible. I aim to show how CSR has influenced the entire philosophy of religion. The paper examines various perspectives on the extent of CSR's influence on the philosophy of religion, particularly analyzing its effect on the proofs of natural theology. Contrary to the dominant literature, the impact of CSR can extend beyond merely strengthening or weakening theological arguments and can be used to argue for the reform of religious beliefs. This view is pursued from four different perspectives: first, the concept of God, arguing that weakening classic proofs does not imply weakening belief in God; second, the methodology of studying religion, advocating for methodological pluralism; third, the revelation and the role of humans in religion, suggesting that a behavioral shift desirable in economics is also preferable in religious studies; and fourth, religious pluralism and interfaith relations, arguing against the exclusivity produced by textualism and foundationalism.

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References

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Journal of Philosophical Theological Research
Volume 26, Issue 3
September 2024
Pages 85-106

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