نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی
نویسنده
دکتری فلسفه و کلام اسلامی ، گروه فلسفه و کلام اسلامی، دانشکدۀ الهیات و معارف اسلامی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
Self-awareness has been explained in contemporary philosophy of mind through various approaches. The research question is whether this diversity can be explained within a unified and gradational framework without commitment to homogeneous unity or completely independent plurality. Using a descriptive-analytical method and comparative approach, the research formulates the "gradational theory of self-awareness." This theory draws inspiration from knowledge by presence, levels of the soul, and the flying man argument in Avicennian philosophy, but does not claim historical reconstruction of Ibn Sina. Its central claim is that self-awareness is plural in content and mechanism, but unified in relational structure; in all forms, the subject apprehends something as belonging to itself. This structure, in various realizations, attains different degrees of immediacy, determinacy, conceptual mediation, interpretation, and agency. Accordingly, six analytical layers are proposed: existential, identity, perceptual, propositional, agential-reflective, and dispositional-interpretive. A comparative study of eight contemporary approaches shows these layers provide a framework for organizing different explanatory foci. The result is that the gradational theory, by simultaneously explaining structural unity, gradational difference, and structural dependence, possesses explanatory capacity; though this is a comparative preference, not an exclusive proof.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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